TOOTH ABSCESS
All you need to know about tooth abscess
A tooth abscess is formed as a result of a bacterial infection. It is a build-up of pus in the gums or teeth that causes swelling. Bacteria exists in the plaque of the mouth and if the plaque is not removed via regular brushing and flossing of the teeth, an abscess can form.
TYPES
There are three common types of abscesses.
- A periapical abscess is found at the top of the root of the tooth.
- A gingival abscess is found on the gums of the mouth.
- A periodontal abscess is found on the gum next to the root of the tooth. A periodontal abscess can spread to surrounding tissue and bone.
CAUSES
A periapical abscess can be caused by tooth damage or decay, such as a chipped or broken tooth or cavities. This is because bacteria will enter these openings and affect the pulp (centre) of the tooth. Gum disease that has been left untreated can cause a periodontal abscess. If food or other foreign objects get stuck in the gums, a gingival abscess can form.
SYMPTOMS
Common symptoms of an abscess include throbbing pain in the tooth or gums, pain when eating, swollen, red gums and tooth sensitivity. More severe symptoms indicating that the infection may have spread to other areas include fever, pain radiating to the jaw, neck or ear and facial swelling.
TREATMENT
Depending on the type and severity of the abscess, there are different treatment options. One option is for a dentist to drain the abscess by making a tiny cut on the abscess and draining the pus. The area will then be cleaned with saline. If, however, the tooth is very damaged, the dentist may need to extract the tooth before draining the abscess. Another procedure to drain an abscess is a root canal. Here, the dentist will drill into the tooth to drain the abscess and the infected pulp. The dentist will then fill the pulp chamber and seal it. Lastly, if the infection from the abscess has spread to other areas, a dentist may prescribe antibiotics.
An abscess may even rupture on its own, causing a bad taste in the mouth. It is still important to see a dentist and have the area cleaned to ensure the infection does not spread.
PREVENTION
Mouth abscesses can be prevented by taking good care of the teeth and gums and practicing good oral hygiene. Teeth should be brushed twice daily with fluoride toothpaste and dental floss should be used daily to clean in between each tooth. Additionally, regular dentist check-ups as well as dental cleanings are crucial, and any cavities, tooth damage or gum injuries should be treated immediately to prevent bacteria from infecting the teeth and gums.
